The favorable sites for large scale hydropower development scheme within nver basins of ethiopia number 102 and are fairly distributed throughout the width and breadth of the country. External financing for hydropower projects in other ethiopian river basins was easier to get. In this article we investigate the prospects for largescale hydropower deployment in ethiopia. The report from ethiopia shows that a total of 299 hydropower potential sites have been identified within 11 river basins. The website aims at identifying the worlds small hydropower development status and its potential in different countries and regions by engaging with stakeholders to share information. The united states currently has 2,378 hydropower plants generating at an annual average rate of 35,432 mw hall, et al. Louis, mo 631214499, usa article info article history. Ethiopia electricity demand forecast programme driven by government establish industrial zones industrial parks during growth and transformation plan period planned at 1,125mw after the gtp period industrial park development planned at 1,200mw 19 3. In doing so the paper presents the general overview of ethiopia electric power situation. The world small hydro development report 20 wshpdr 20 and the knowledge platform.
This results in a very dynamic situation with lots of power plants being planned simultaneously or. Ethiopia has huge re potential, which is distributed through all regions and makes the country favorable for re power development and ideal for developers. However, regardless of its enormous potentials the energy system is highly dependent on traditional fossil. Increased levels of smallscale irrigation farming, as a result of population growth, lead.
This paper presents the technical and economic feasibility of grid connected small scale hydropower construction in selected site of the kulfo river in southern ethiopia. Ethiopia has some of the richest water resources in africa, distributed across eight major basins with an exploitable hydropower potential of 45,000 mw. China and asia have the worlds largest hydroelectric energy reserve of a single nation 541,000 mw and a. Ethiopia also has sufficient amount of lacks which are distributed in different parts of the country especially in the central, south and south west areas. An energywater nexus analysis page 3 1 prospects for hydropower in ethiopia. Ethiopia is also, famously, a water tower of africa that has leveraged its water resources and topography for a hydropower development strategy 23,24.
Hydropower potential and the regions rising energy demand. Hydropower development research cluster group i small. Only a fraction of this potential has been harnessed so far, 1% at the beginning of the 21st century. Now ethiopia is determined raising the present 2178 mws of electricity to 10, 000 mws from geothermal, biogas, hydropower, solar and wind energy. The new hydroelectric dams will be located on the genale dawa and dabus rivers with construction expected to start in 2017. Sustainable small hydropower development in ethiopia case study ropi hydropower plant bilate basin, ethiopia zelalem h. Received 4 december 2009 accepted 26 april 2010 available online 1 june 2010 keywords. The upper blue nile basin harbors considerable untapped potential for irrigation and hydropower development. For instance, ethiopia s decision to construct a series of dams over the gilgel gibe river and the plan for the grand ethiopian renaissance dam is a manifestation of how desperate the country is for development. More over the government of ethiopia gives special attention and put in place a lot of favorable conditions and good working environment for developers to participate in the energy sector. According to the ethiopian electric power cooperation. Introduction the ethiopian government has for long recognized that economic progress will depend principally on the development of the hydropower resources of the country ethiopia is endowed with abundant water resources distributed in many parts of the country however, it has not made significant progress in the field of water resources development during the past four decades.
Countries like egypt and ethiopia, which have allocated large resources to the development of the power sector, have been the preferred destination for new. Planning development of ethiopias hydropower resources. As the development of these schemes requires huge investment, they are not in the priority list by the government. Ethiopias national development plan growth transformation plan gtp 20112015, promotes green development strategy with the aim of meeting the demand for energy in the country by providing sufficient and reliable power supply. It is limited by the seasonality of rainfall and reduced availability of water. Ethiopia has 12 river basins with estimated surface water resources potential of 123 bm 3 baro akobo, abbay, tekeze and omo ghibe contribute 80% 90% ethiopia has 11 freshwater and nine saline lakes, four crater lakes and over 12 major swamps and wetlands. This study sought to assess socioeconomic and environmental impacts of micro hydro power plant situated in. The present energy mix greatly increases vulnerability to climate change and the poorest segment of the population is the most vulnerable. Sep 26, 2015 hydropower development has become the focus of attention in recent years in ethiopia. Opportunities and challenges of tourism development. Hydropower is a key source for renewable electricity generation and has an important potential to be marketed as green power. The topography of ethiopia, with mountainous areas coupled with numerous rivers and streams makes mhp development suitable. In spite of a long history of promotion and development, ethiopia s tourism industry is in its initial stages of development. The website aims at identifying the worlds small hydropower development status and its potential in different countries and regions by engaging with stakeholders.
Currently, domestic demand is insufficient to justify its full development. Microhydropower is considered to be the most feasible, decentralized renewable energy option for providing reliable and affordable electricity to the remote and isolated areas of ethiopia. When the government decided to develop huge hydropower projects on the. Since 1990s, the partial opening up of the economy to private investment, the liberalization.
Socioeconomic and environmental impacts of microhydro. By molla mitiku ayenew tigrai online, may 12, 2015. In order to become the powerhouse of africa, ethiopia is actively exploiting its water resources by building dams, reservoirs, irrigation and. As ethiopia is a quickly developing country, the demand for electricity grows by 30% each year. Mar 02, 2018 azeb asnake, ceo of ethiopian electric authority, discusses with hydro group managing editor, elizabeth ingram, hydropower development activity in ethiopia and gives an update on the grand. Water consumed by hydropower development has never been studied at a country scale. Wind ethiopia has total wind energy resource reserve of 3,030 giga watt and. The potential for small scale hydropower development in the us lea kosnikn department of economics, university of missourist. Feasibility study of small hydropower schemes in giba and. Hydropower development has become the focus of attention in recent years in ethiopia. Small hydropower, financial parameters, retscreen, feasibilityviability 1. Power plants with geothermal energy usually have a high and constant power output with high capacity factors which makes this kind of energy highly competitive in the long term.
However, their size is small compared to the hydropower plants and more than 95% of the future installed capacity in ethiopia is from hydropower, despite a large potential for wind, solar and geothermal power. Horlacher dresden university of technology, dresden, germany 1 introduction the paper considers a case study of the ropi hydropower site in the bilate basin in ethiopia to show the effect of. The potential for small and micro hydropower development is estimated to be 1,5003,000 mw 10 per cent of the total hydropower potential in ethiopia. Hydropower for sustainable water and energy development in. The vast majority of ethiopia s electricity is sourced from hydropower, with ongoing dam development, including, most. Ethiopia has ambitious plans for bolstering economic growth and aims to fulfil much of the. In its 25year development plan the ethiopian electric power corporation eepco, the governments national utility responsible for power generation. The largest river basin in terms of number of hydropower. This had the effect of discouraging external financing of hydropower and irrigation projects in western ethiopia, thereby impeding water resourcebased economic development projects. They store sufficient volume of water that can be used for different purpose. Hydropower for sustainable water and energy development in ethiopia article pdf available september 2015 with 1,006 reads how we measure reads. Ethiopias plentiful hydropower resources are distributed in nine major river basins and their innumerable tributaries is estimated to generate an economically affordable energy of about 260 twh. Concerning electricity generation, renewable energy in ethiopia has focused on large hydropower. Ethiopia is bordered by somalia and djibouti to the east, the sudan on the west, eritrea to the north, and kenya to the south.
This is because the government has identified this sector as the primary source to satisfy the energy demand and achieve the countrys sustainable development goals which are stated in. Sustainable small hydropower development in ethiopia case. Currently, installed capacity is about 4,330 mw of hydro, but more than 6,600 mw are under construction. T here exists abundant physical and engineering hydropower potentialindevelopingcountries. Opportunities and challenges of tourism development in the addis ababaupper rift valley corridor tadesse kidanemariam professor, department of geography, edinboro university of pennsylvania, edinboro, usa abstract in spite of a long history of promotion and development, ethiopias tourism industry is in its initial stages of. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd is almost 50 percent completed and it will start partialy procucing power in 2017. An energywater nexus analysis in this paper we investigate the prospects for largescale hydropower deployment in ethiopia. Nbcbn hydropower development cluster small scale hydropower for rural development iii. The upper blue nile basin harbors considerable untapped potential for irrigation and hydropower development and expansion. Hydropower has a recorded history of electric production providing substantial energy. Pdf hydropower for sustainable water and energy development in. With two distinct modelling approaches we find high projections for future hydropower generation.
Ethiopian electric power corporation eepco, the governments national utility responsible for power generation. Hydroelectric power production is anticipated to increase to over 10,000 mws by 2015. Over half of this potential is located in the abbay and omo river basins, where the nearlycompleted 6,000 mw grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd and the recentlycompleted 1,870 mw gibe iii. Existing plants can be modernized with turbine and generator upgrades, operational improvements, and adding generating capacity. Due to favorable conditions in ethiopia water power, wind power, photovoltaics, geothermal energy for power generation, the country avoids exploiting and importing fossil fuels as much as possible. The policy also seeks to encourage private participation in the energy sector development. Out of this, about 15 % of the overall hydropower potential is from unregulated river runoff, usually in the category of pico, micro and mini hydropower plants. Ethiopian energy systems potentials, opportunities and.
Introduction ethiopia is fortunate to be blessed with abundant water resources that can be tapped to meet its growing energy needs, despite being landlocked and nonoil producing country. Pdf hydropower for sustainable water and energy development. In addition, the reservoir that has been formed upstream of the dam has potential for the development of commercial fisheries and tourism, while, downstream, regulation of the river has potential benefits for the development of irrigation schemes. Ethiopia estimated at 7,000 mw and 5,000 mw respectively. Integrated management of the blue nile basin in ethiopia. However, much of the small hydropower, solar and wind potential in ethiopia is yet to be developed. Awareness creation program prepared for public relation. Ethiopia is called the water tower of africa due to its combination of mountainous areas with a comparatively large share of water resources in africa. Hydropower development indispensable to ethiopian economic. Tekeze 3d model the development of tekeze hydroelectric plant involved the. This represents only about 50% of the hydropower resources feasible for development in the us. To maximize the benefits of this rich mix of renewable options, the region must embrace and adopt an integrated strategy to regional power development such as is proposed in the nbi comprehensive basinwide study of power development options and trade opportunities cbws.
A range of costeffective, lowcarbon generation options including hydropowerare needed to reduce the powersector emissions that contribute to climate change. Current energy situation 3 potential 45,000 mw current 3,810 mw gtp ii 11015mw 2020 potential 5. Thus, in attempting to understand water consumption by the hydropower development, this study will be the first to acknowledge the water consumption by all storage regulated hydropower plants developed in ethiopia. Ethiopia is at a critical crossroads with a large and increasing population, a depressed national economy, insufficient agricultural production, and a low number of developed energy sources. Neighbouring countries of kenya and sudan, however, could benefit from the electricity provided by hydropower development in ethiopia wec, 20. Ethiopia is now aiming as much as possible at geothermal energy, in contrast to the years before 2015, when the country focused almost exclusively on hydropower. It is my pleasure to introduce the 2017 hydropower status report. Ethiopias hydropower projects in sustainable energy initiative.
Changes in governance systems have resulted in different social constructions of the role of tourism in national development. Gilgel gibe ii 420 mw and takezze 300 mw and tana beles 460 mw have started generating power. Ethiopia s plentiful hydropower resources are distributed in nine major river basins and their innumerable tributaries is estimated to generate an economically affordable energy of about 260 twh. Technoeconomic feasibility of small scale hydropower in. Overview of tekeze hydroelectric power plant general. Hydropower for sustainable water and energy development in ethiopia. The potential for small scale hydropower development in the us. Hydropower for socioeconomic and environmental development in ethiopia hydropower development has become the focus of attention in recent years in ethiopia. Solar energy vision for ethiopia opportunities for creating a photovoltaic industry in ethiopia by ethio resource group freiburg germany addis ababa ethiopia 2012 solar energy development association ethiopia. Water consumption by hydropower, does it worth allocation. Ethiopia has the second largest hydropower potential in africa, with only 10% developed to date but nonetheless covering 90% of the nations electricity demand. The challenges and prospects of sustainable energy.
Micro hydro power in ethiopia analysis and lessons. Potentials, opportunities and sustainable utilization v p a g e abstract ethiopia is a nation endowed with huge amount of water, wind, solar and geothermal energy potentials. Hydropower development indispensable to ethiopian economic transformation. Plus, many floodcontrol dams not equipped for electricity production could be retrofitted with generating equipment. An analysis of ethiopias current hydropower developmentbook chapter. This is because the government has identified this sector as the primary source to satisfy the energy demand and achieve the countrys sustainable development goals which are stated in the major development plans of the country. Hydropower development hydropower for sustainable development. In its 25year development plan the ethiopian electric power corporation eepco, the govern ments national utility responsible for power. Hydropower in ethiopia hydro news africa andritz hydro. However, less than 5 % of the potential has been exploited so far. Pdf in this article we investigate the prospects for largescale. Traditional smallscale irrigation development in ethiopia has a hist ory of antiquity. However, regardless of its enormous potentials the energy system is highly dependent on.
Hydropower national energy education development project. Outline zoverview of african power sector zcurrent status of hydropower in africa zpotential contribution of hydropower zdevelopment of hydro projects zenvironmental and social concerns zfinancing hydro projects zaction plan to meet nepad initiative. Candidate hydro projects were to be as defined by already completed studies. A landlocked country, ethiopia nonetheless is naturally endowed with water resources that could easily fulfill it domestic requirements for irrigation and hydropower, if sufficient financial resources can be made.
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